2010, Studia Geographica 1

Maksymalne sumy dobowe opadów w Ojcowie (Dolina Prądnika)

Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT

Maksymalne sumy dobowe opadów w Ojcowie (Dolina Prądnika) Brzeźniak, Eligiusz The analysis of multiannual variability of maximum sums of daily precipitation was based on a 20 years-long observation series (1990–2009) from Ojców-Park Zamkowy observation point, situated in the Prądnik river valley, and maintained by the Ojców National Park. Methods of descriptive statistics, namely average values, including 5-days and 5-hours moving averages, extremal values and dispersion indices were used in the analysis (Fig. 1, 2). An attempt at determining the basic characteristics of precipitation variability on a regional scale has shown a marked instability of the temporal precipitation series controlled by circulation processes and local conditions. Non-periodic fluctuations are manifest in the results of the frequency analysis of maximum daily precipitation. The highest was the frequency of low, moderate and high precipitation (daily sums < 20 mm), the lowest (0.34%) was the frequency of very high precipitation. Precipitation sum higher than 60 mm was noted twice, in 1995 and 2007 year. The variability of precipitation in the Prądnik valley is controlled by the intensity of cyclonic circulation, especially of the baric trough (Bc) and advection of polar maritime air mass (PPm).

Przyrodnicze i antropogeniczne uwarunkowania rozwoju systemów wąwozowych w okolicy Rogowa (Wyżyna Lubelska)

Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT

Przyrodnicze i antropogeniczne uwarunkowania rozwoju systemów wąwozowych w okolicy Rogowa (Wyżyna Lubelska) Superson, Józef; Kołodyńska-Gawrysiak, Renata; Pajdowski, Piotr The study describes the gully system in the Rogów area (Lublin Upland). Based on field research and available literature, four stages of gully erosion and three stages of alluvial sediment deposition were identified. The first erosion stage occurred towards the end of the last glacial period and was determined by natural factors. The other three erosion stages occurred in the Holocene and were impacted by man’s agricultural activity.

Rozwój śródpolnego wąwozu drogowego w świetle badań pedologicznych i pomiarów GPS

Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT

Rozwój śródpolnego wąwozu drogowego w świetle badań pedologicznych i pomiarów GPS Rodzik, Jan; Krukowski, Mirosław; Zagórski, Piotr The article presents the development of a small, midfield form of road, which cuts the side of a loessic valley. The contemporary shape of the surface was determined by GPS measurements (Leica System 500), set together in ArcView and ArcGIS. Changing of its position was determined by a field analysis of the construction of 50 profiles of the Luvisols with varying degrees of erosion or aggradation. Calculation and visualization were performed in the ‘Surfer’ program. The results are interpreted in the context of changes in the agrarian structure since the end of the 19th century. It was found that the development of erosional forms is associated with an intensive use, since the late 1930s, of the road traced at the end of 19th century. Significant rate of its cutting is also the result of earlier soil erosion, due to its agricultural use since the late Middle Ages. Until achieving the depth of about 1 m, the form was the shape of a trough, because the road also served as a zone of turning round during the cultivation of the adjacent transversal-slope fields. In the 1970s, after a change in cultivation mode, erosion took the form of a box-like section. The average annual rate of cutting into the deepest section increased from 2.5 to 4 cm and the depth - to 1.8 m. These conclusions confirm the profile of deposits on the extended cone at the gully mouth at the valley bottom. Their lower series, with thickness of 1.7 m and a massive structure, are products of soil erosion accumulated for several hundred years. The laminated top series with thickness of 0.8 m is distinguished by CaCO3 content growing towards the surface. Its accumulation at a rate of 1.2 cm per year is the result of a deeper cutting of the road on the slope.

Etapy rozwoju osadnictwa zachodniej części Płaskowyżu Nałęczowskiego i ich zapis w osadach dna doliny Bystrej

Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT

Etapy rozwoju osadnictwa zachodniej części Płaskowyżu Nałęczowskiego i ich zapis w osadach dna doliny Bystrej Reder, Jan; Superson, Józef; Król, Tadeusz The article analyzed the impact of old (prehistoric, medieval) and modern settlement on the nature of the Holocene alluvial sediments at the bottom of the Bystra valley. It was shown that the transition from peat to mineral deposits was the result of Neolithic farming. Nomadic culture of the late Neolithic and early Bronze Age have helped to stop the denudation slopes and increasing erosion in the bottom of the river valley. Restarting the denudation in the basin and the beginning of accumulation on the Bystra floodplain occurred only in the tenth century. Bystra river basin deforestation in modern times caused catastrophic linear erosion, denudation slopes and speed up the submission of anthropogenic alluvial soils.