| dc.description.abstract | History of education and upbringing as a scientific discipline originated from the interests
of the Galician historians of culture (Józef Kallenbach, Stanisław Łempicki, Stanisław Kot)
and from the needs of the Polish pedagogical circles, searching for historical roots of their
discipline (Henryk Rowid, Bogdan Nawroczyński, Hanna Pohoska). Two currents in history
of education emerged: the ”historical” and the ”pedagogical” current. In the beginnings of
the formation process of the discipline, the dominating context was the cultural-literaryhistorical
one. Between the two World Wars, the sociological concept of history of education
began to develop (Helena Radlińska) in Warsaw. After the World War 2, the whole country
witnessed intensive development of history of education, connected with the development
of research centres in universities and in the Polish Academy of Sciences. A question arises
whether any original values, and what values, were contributed to the history of education
research in the 20th century by the Warsaw circles or researchers’ circles.
The status and achievements of history of education in Warsaw in the first 25 years after
the World War II is relatively well examined. Two strong research centres emerged: in the
Pedagogical Faculty of the University of Warsaw, and in the History of Education Section of
the Polish Academy of Sciences (now the Institute of the History of Science).
In the University of Warsaw, the ”historical”, ”sociological”, and ”pedagogical” currents
in history of education developed. The leading researchers were Hanna Pohoska, Łukasz
Kurdybacha, Ryszard Wroczyński, Michał Szulkin, Bogdan Suchodolski, and Stefan
Wołoszyn.
The research centre in the Polish Academy of Sciences, created by Łukasz Kurdybacha,
assembled researchers not only from Warsaw, but also from the whole country. Kurdybacha,
Stanisław Łempicki’s pupil, maintained the concept of history of education of the ”Lviv
school”. He initiated and orderly developed scientific research, research methodology,
young researchers’ training, publications: monographs, sources, the yearly ”Rozprawy
z Dziejów Oświaty” (History of Education Essays), a comprehensive synthesis of the global
history of education (two volumes of Historia wychowania /History of Education/, edited by
Ł. Kurdybacha, and two volumes of Historia Wychowania. Wiek XX /History of Education in
the 20th century/, edited by Józef Miąso).
Answering the question of originality of the Warsaw circles of history of education requires
investigating the achievements of the departmental institutes and higher schools of Warsaw
which offered pedagogical studies. In the last three decades of the 20th century, owing
to the research conducted in these centres, the research scope and the limits of history of
education were broadened, especially in the fields of history of special pedagogy (Stanisław
Mauersberg), agricultural education (Tadeusz Wieczorek), vocational education (Tadeusz
W. Nowacki), physical education (R. Wroczyński), etc. | en_EN |
