Podobieństwo leksykalne wybranych poematów romantycznych

Abstract

The selective contrastive analysis of seven Romantic poems leads to the conclusion that the degree of lexical similarity is conditioned by the size of vocabulary of a given work - the smallest number of common items is present in the biggest vocabulary in Zamek kaniowski by S. Goszczyński, and the largest - in the smallest vocabulary in Janusz Bieniawski by J.B. Zaleski. The little dependency of the degree of lexical affiliation in poems on their chronology is clearly visible, however some individual deviation can also be observed — a comparatively small vocabulary in Szczęsna by C.K. Norwid (the latest work) shows much smaller lexical similarity to other poems than larger vocabularies in poems coming from the first period of the Romanticism (namely Grażyna by A. Mickiewicz and Maria by A. Malczewski). In order to prove the degree of consistence of items in poems of various sizes of vocabulary special patterns were used. A clearly raised indicator of consistency of lexical items is shown in Maria together with thematic continuity in Wacław by J. Słowacki. The established indicator of exclusively binary lexical similarity of particular pairs of poems leads to the conclusion that Malczewski’s gothic novel, Zaleski’s rhapsody and Slowacki’s poem are closest to one another, whereas Norwid’s poetic novel comes closer to Mickiewicz’s poem than to Malczewski’s and Goszczyński's literary pieces. Przedświt by Z. Krasiński is closer to Wacław and Janusz Bieniawski than Grażyna and Szczęsna. The indicator of exclusively binary lexical similarity of Romantic literary works representing the epic genre is higher than the comparable indicator of textual tests from prose epics by Polish naturalists. The article includes a detailed presentation of lexemes occurring exclusively in the compared pairs of Romantic poems. The lexical choice testifies to the similar lexical preferences of authors. Common stylistic particles signal similarities in the poetic manner of the Romantic poets.