Analiza jonowa pojedynczego opadu

Abstract

The ion composition of subsequent millimeters of atmospheric precipitation of September 15, 1995 in a single locality at Podchorążych Street (Table 1) was determined. During 650 minutes 36 mm of atmospheric precipitation was deposited. Particular fractions of precipitation were markedly differentiated in their reaction, electrolytic conductivity and concentration of basic anions (SO[2-][4], NO[-][3], Cl[-], F[-]) and cations (Ca[2+], Mg[2+], K [+], Na[+]) (Fig. 1-6). The ion composition of atmospheric precipitation was effected by local and distant air- pollution sources. The reaction of the analyzed atmospheric precipitation was always higher than pH of natural rainfall from which pollution was absent. The first millimeter of atmospheric precipitation contained high concentration of all analyzed ions (Table 1). In subsequent millimeters of atmospheric precipitation ion concentration decreased markedly, which resulted in decreased electrolytic conductivity and decreased reaction of atmospheric precipitation. During the deposition of atmospheric precipitation the concentration of selected ions - which were washed away from the clouds brought with new masses of air arriving from different directions-increased. The percentage proportion of ions differed in particular fractions of the atmospheric precipitation (Table 2, Figs. 7-12). The proportion of anions was higher that the proportion of cations. The highest percentage proportions had SO[2-][4] ions (from 46.4% to 74.05%) and Ca[2+] ions (from 5.77% to 29.17%).