Etiologia jąkania wczesnodziecięcego

Abstract

There exist a number of theories which attempt to explain the causes of early childhood stuttering. Biological theories assume that it is either hereditary or results from immaturity of the central nervous system. Another biological trend claims that stuttering causes are to be found in temperament. Psychological theories state that stuttering comes from negative emotions, and mainly from fear. Linguistic theories are focused on speech disfluency as identified with stuttering and search for its causes in the very speech act. They assume that early childhood stuttering is a consequence of difficulties a child has with mastering the language. Multifactor theories do not concentrate on any single factor but try to explain the complex nature of early childhood stuttering as consisting of linguistic, biological, psychological and social elements. One can say that they attempt to reconcile all the previously listed ideas.