Kształtowanie się polskiego nazewnictwa prasowego (ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem nazw pism codziennych) na przestrzeni dziejów dziennikarstwa

Abstract

In specialist language but also in every-day colloąuial practice there are many descriptions relating to the terminology associated with papers and the press - both for words designating the traditional publishing forms such as ”periodicals, newspaper, press” and for types of publications such as “daily, weekly, etc.” All of them are loan words (derived mainly from French) or have been subdued to foreign linguistic influence (mainly German); in Poland, known as early as the beginning of the 17th c. or even earlier (“newspaper”). From the beginning of the 19th c., there were repeated attempts at polonizing some of the words such as periodyk: czasopismo, czasopismo, literatura czasowa. The form czasopismo (after German die Zeitschrift) gained common acceptance though it did not totally supplanted the word periodyk - even today functioning, along its nineteenth century equivalent prasa, as synonyms. A unique position in Polish terminology associated with the press has the word gazeta (and its synonyms: dziennik, kurier), well known and common in Europę. K. Estreicher in Bibliografia polska XIX stulecia [Polish Bibliography of the Nineteenth Century] records 174 newspapers, 174 periodicals in which the title includes the word dziennik By the end of the 19th century, bibliographies record 290 kuriers published in nearly 80 publishing centers. Kurier is the essential component of the title of one of the earliest Polish newspapers - Kurier Polski originated in 1729 as well as of a paper with a very long history of its publishing - Kurier Warszawski (appeared between 1821-1939). The diversity and variety of publishing forms forming the total sum of press printed products is proved by its generał typology which shows their extemal structure against the background of different serial publications.