Rola przemysłu i rzemiosła w życiu gospodarczym ludności Podhala

Abstract

The aim of the paper is, comparative in time, presentation of industrialization and pointing out the role of industry in socio-economic changes, on the background backward till the World War II, of Podhale. in the paper, besides introduction, two chapters present the stage of industrialization of that region during the capitalistic, pre war Ponad and in conditions of planned economy of the last forty years (1945-1986). The author underlines, in the introductory part, the great importance of industry in socio-economic changes of Podhale population. Industry influenced changes in very traditional socio-professional structure of population, influenced increase of qualifications and professional aspirations. It partially stopped, thanks to new work places, former mass emigration „looking for bread”. The process of post war industrialization was detaily presented, the author pointed out the dynamics of industrial growth in the region on the background of Poland, changes of different structures mainly branch, economic and social ones. Characteristics and typological evaluation of 3 industrial groups: newly introduced, traditional and decaying are of particular importance. In the presented typology particularly interesting is newly introduced - shoe making - industry. Locational factors for shoe making combine, development of productive potential (mainly employment and production), different connections and influence of the combine on technical and social infrastructure of Nowy Targ were presented. The second, traditional group of industry is mineral, food and other branches. Distribution of works, production and level of links with Podhale were analyzed too. The third group, decaying industry, contains timber-sawing, shingles-making, flour-milling. Decay of these branches is connected mainly with changes in construction technology and common use of electricity in Podhale villages. The final part of the paper presents the evaluation of stage and structural organizational changes of handicraft which is of supplementary importance now. More than local importance is characteristic only for wooden handicraft - carpentering and joinery.