Osiągnięcia cytogenetyki w hodowli zbóż

Abstract

The first part of the article presents the ways by which presumably the different species and varieties of corn have originated in nature. An essential part in the evolution of corn crops was performed by cross-fertilization, both within the species, inter-species and inter-variety ones, as well as gene mutations. The article then proceeds to examine the karyological relations in hybrids and synthetic species, previously non- existent in nature; and, further, to discuss the way of utilizing aneuploidal lines tor obtaining substitute forms and for cytogenetic investigations into gene localisation. In the final part of the article the author has concerned himself with the application of barley translocation lines to research conducted on the localisation of genes in the chromosomes of this species.