Wpływ chowu wsobnego na rozwój cech anatomicznych korzeni, źdźbeł i liści żyta (Secale Cereale L.)

Abstract

The objective of the present paper has been to study the effect of inbreeding upon the evolution of the anatomical features of rye roots, stalks, and leaves (Secale Cereale L.). Having this in view, an investigation was made into the anatomy of the different organs of inbred lines A[2], D[2] and D[3] of the Garczyński variety of rye and of rye coming from the field cultivation and belonging to the same variety. The anatomical features of the examined rye forms were measured and counted upon fragments of cross-sections. The resulta of measurements were compared by statistical methods. Comparative analysis of the anatomical features has shown many essential differences between the size and number of these features between inbred and control rye as well as between the respective lines. The general result of the comparison is decidedly detrimental to inbred rye; showing now disadvantageous is the effect of inbreeding on the evolution of anatomical features it semms to prove that there occur disturbances within the process of cell growth and development. The occurrence of vital differences between the features of the respective linea proves that inbreeding operates in many directions and in a delimiting way upon the anatomical- morphological nature of rye. As a result, within this variety of rye a number of ecological biotypes are formed, with a prevalence of either xeromorphic or higromorphic features. Of the examined inbred lines of Garczyński rye, line D[3] shows a prevalence of the former, and line A[2] of the latter features. Moreover, the comparative- anatomical analysis of two generations of liDe D[3] has shown that the anatomical features within this line are well established.