Chemizm wód podziemnych w działach Proszowskich

Abstract

Proszów Divide is the South-Western subregion of Nida Downfold and together with the latter constitute the Małopolska Upland. The differentiated geological structure, the loess-type relief, the lack of forests in this area and humus-rich soils, as well as total annual rainfall within the average value for the whole country result in general mineralization of water intaken by the wells in this region. The wells are of very different depth (from 4 to 53 m) and water layer (most often 2 to 3 m). The well waters are featured by a poor quality due to the increased contents of the dissolved components, which have been leached from the environment where they are circulating. Thanks to the environmental processes of water mineralization only 12.9 per cent from 85 school wells covered by the analysis intake water meeting the drinking water standards. The waters in other wells (87.1 per cent) show very high total and permanent hardness which is accompanied by an inadmissible amount of iron and manganesse ions in the western part of the region and by an excessive chlorides amount in its south-eastern part, as well as of iron, locally. In general, these waters should not be used for drinking, sanitary or household purposes. Mineralization of the first horizon water indicates a close relationship of Proszów Divide to the adjacent subregions of Nida Downfold, as well as a lack of any common physicogeographical features (geomorphological features included) with the western part of Sandomierz Valley which is adjacent to Proszów Divide. The southern edge of Proszów Divide is a part of borderline between the equivalent taxonomic units: Małopolska Upland and Sandomierz Valley.