Ignacego Fika poglądy na kulturę międzywojenną

Abstract

Culture, understood by Fik in a perfectionistic way, is a specifically human, creative opposition to environment and human limitations. „Culturing” is rational and based upon social experience; it is at the same time directed against an alienation of human hought and action. Culture has a material aspect (a complex of technologies which constitute civilization) as well as a psychical and social one (referring to the laws which govern a society). It has always been a dialogue with the tradition of one’s own and the requirements of contemporary life. Its class subject and his aims define the quality of a culture. Between the two World Wars in Poland the culture of middle-class liberalism becomes antiquated. That of the exploited classes is in the ordinary course of things primitive and unimportant but it will play the part of a future creator of new sicial values. The official, static culture of a bourgeois state helps to keep the discrepancies covered by the appearances of universal harmony. The culture of the future — in Fik’s opinion — will combine the ideas of complete personalism and those of socialization. The future means a classless political system based on a heritage of universal (western) culture and the tradition of the oppressed classes. Fik’s solution may be considered as a model and a postulate.