Problematyka mitu w pismach krytycznych Ignacego Fika

Abstract

The paper contains an explication of Ignacy Fik’s statements about myths. A myth — in Fik’s opinion — appears in a social consciousness once as a heritage of history and tradition, once as an immediate construction of propaganda and ideological struggle. Historical explanations of a myth are obvious: it has appeared in the case of a social conflict as a form of the fight for public opinion. Social classes posses mythologies of their own, but history does not aim at a victory of one of them. Its aim consists in the destruction of myths and returning to social life its rational form. A myth appears at the „turning-points” of history and in the case of the lack social information. It may be trasmitted by the centralized media of information, it may also appear spontaneously, on the base of everyday (prescientific) consciousness. Both learning and ideology are influenced by it; art and especially politics make use of myths.