Rozwój dziecka w rodzinie

Abstract

Child development is conditioned by intentional custodial and educational influence of the family. First and foremost, it conveys the values, moral norms, behavioural patterns, and cultural and religious customs of the society to which it belongs. The examples, habits, and skills instilled by family home decide to a large extent about the manner in which the child is going to fulfil certain social roles, what lifestyle it is going to prefer, and what system of values it is going to adopt. Research shows that the level of care and upbringing in intelligentsia and worker families differs significantly. There is a correlation between the social status of parents and behaviour of children with regard to diet, cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol, and physical activity, as well as the mutual relation of those types of behaviour to the health condition. It also confirms that physical fitness of the children depends on the level of education of the parents. According to A. Titkow, the overburdening of the Polish family with functions and expectations addressed to it is more favourable to the domination of the cultural bonds over the psychological ones in it, the advantage of norms and principles over the emotional factors of family relationships. However, the value of family as the only, relatively constant element in the changing reality cannot be overestimated as it protects the child from threats and their consequences and neutralises the meaning of undesirable experience helping to preserve the image of own self.