Aspekt wiekowy w twórczości i recepcji literatury dla dzieci i młodzieży

Abstract

The author of the paper investigates the specificity of the artistic reflection of reality in literature for children and young people. This specificity is seen in the application of the children’s aspect in the literary text intended for a child. The term „children’s aspect” refers to the w ay of modelling reality in an artistic product on the basis of an author’s anticipated image of the child’s world. It follows that the semiotic reflection of the child’s world in the literary text should enable the primary communicational possibilities for aesthetic reception of the text by the child receiver. The children's aspect — the children's way of seeing and evaluating the things in the world, results from the level development and the character of the child’s psyché. Its application in literature for children is evident in the content and form of a literary work, in the processuality and development of literature for children as a part of the whole system of literature. The children’s aspect, in a literary text intended for a child, is applied in combination with the adult’s aspects. The author of the paper presently three models of a literatury text for children constructed according to the presence of the children’s and the adults’ aspects. We can distinguish: 1. texts with a maximum presence of the children’s aspects; 2. texts with the complementary presence of both aspects; 3. texts with the maxim um presence of the adults aspect in comparison woth the children aspect. The qualitative variability of the opposition — the child's aspect — the adult’s aspect, is caused by the changeability of the subject of the child in the process of ontogenesis. Besides presenting the typology of texts, made on the basis of the children’s aspect, the author of the paper also indicates the theoretical possibilities of interpretation of literature for children and young people.