| dc.description.abstract | The author thinks an analysis of the ideal models of manuals to be a very important starting-point in the dealing
with school manuals. This analysis consists in the definition of the indispensable elements of a manual and the
connexion between them from the point of vive of the amount of information and the structure of knowledge which
are to appear in a pupil’s mind. The author believes that the usable value of a manual depends upon the existence
of functional connexions between its didactic assumptions, the substantial contents of the text, and the editorial
shape. A manual of literature as a specific kind of communication is placed between the literary work and the
readers; it transmits or suggests specific interpretative actions which are more or less aggressive towards the
meaning of a piece of work. A conscious choice of constructive solutions permits us to control the
metacommunicative intervention of a manual into the process of reading, and to protect the natural character of
the pupils’ contact with literary production.
From the pedagogical point of view a modern manual must be regarded as an instrument of learning, i.e. of the
active stimulation of a pupil’s mental work.
This m ay be realized thanks to the steering role of the didactic cover, expressive editorial solutions, and such
a construction of teaching material which is able to liberate investigative attitudes, to incite to transformative
actions, to evoke the pupils' interests and the wish of self-improvement.
The author presents from this point of view some interesting solutions from the past of manuals. Then he
demonstrates a model structure and repertoire of a new manual of literature which is to stimulate the competent
reading of literary texts and the learning. In his opinion, such a manual must include three parts which complete
each other: 1) an anthology of principal texts and literary contexts; 2) methodological direction of reading
(questions, answers, instructions, recommendations etc.) ; 3) and outline of information concerning the history of
literature and culture. | en_EN |
