| dc.description.abstract | The importance of the didactic cover of a manual of literature for the pupils of high schools is closely
connected with the acceptance of a given didactic conception of a manual. This favours a change in the gravity
centre of Polish studies from the associative strategy to the searching, inquiring one. A manual with a didactic
cover integrates essential contents with a rich equipment of didactic devices. A mobile manual consisting of
texts which direct the reading, incorporated into the principal one, may belong to such devices. It provides the
pupils with a greater than hitherto possibility to exercise and improve their receptive capacities and linguistic
skills.
According to the author's proposal, every directing text includes a logical chain of mutually connected
instructions of conduct, questions, and orders, i.e. exercises, as well as the necessary amount of essential
knowledge. A separate text - a segment is included in a complex of directing texts united by a common analytic-
and-interpretative idea. Such a system consisting of several variants takes into consideration a manysided
attitude towards a given work as well as the differentiation of pupils.
Comparatistic actions on directing texts which have been carried out in the paper demonstrate both analogies and
differences between them and: 1) "labour cards" used in C. Freinet's school as well as by R. Dottrens and his
associates at school in Mail, 2) "directed work" applied in contemporary French schools, 3) heuristic
commentaries to literary works popular in Polish schools in interwar period, 4) modern programmed teaching.
The above reflexions reveal the principal features of individualized texts directing the reading and the
principles of their model construction. | en_EN |
