| dc.description.abstract | The author focuses her attention on the activity of ruling elites in polyethnic
North Caucasus . She examines the impact of the polyethnic specificity
of the region mechanisms of recruitment and circulation of political elites.
She reveals the influence of these elites on the same ethnopolitical processes
in the national republics. A periodization of the political transformation of
the North Caucasus, in which each of the stages is distinguished by its specificity,
emerges from the research. The author discusses the various stages
of transformation states, that during the presidency of Boris Yeltsin these
elites had a wide degree of autonomy in its activity. The situation changed
in the first decade of the twenty-first century, with Vladimir Putin’s rise to
power. Then the process of gradual reduction of the autonomy of the region
and weakening of the position of political leaders has started. This process
is connected with the reconfiguration of elite systems and re-evalutation
of influence of ethnopolitical and clan groups. This process continues and
its final effects are still to come. New groups and alliances slowly emerge.
One can notice intense infiltration of business and power elite. Elite recruitment
is limited by channels such as social organizations, science, culture
and educational institutions, media and confessions. The control over system
of processes taking place in the political elite expands. The structures
responsible for order and security are clearly favored within the system of
power. Practice proves that solutions and methods used by the federal center
are ineffective. As a result, civil society is underdeveloped, democratic process
are locked, which does not give a chance to make use of social capital,
middle class almost does not exist, the political parties are weak. As a result,
the North Caucasus remains a zone of political turmoil. | pl_PL |
