Metafory a frazeologia w języku polityków (na przykładzie rozmów prowadzonych w TVP i Internecie)

Abstract

The main issue of the paper is the aim of language metaphor using by politicians. The authors agree metaphor enables naming non-named spheres of reality - strongly conventionalized metaphors are used then, e.g. we should fight bribery more efficiently (metaphor of war), there is much to win in this electoral campaign (metaphor of game), Korwin-Mikke enters for the electoral campaign (metaphor of sport), the Polish political stage (metaphor of the theatre). Moreover metaphor shortens the distance between the sender and the receiver, but requires common knowledge of the world: to be accepted, politicians use language means that are closer to average people’s experiences; they can get a closer contact with receivers by means of giving the same connotations to a metaphorical utterance. Using metaphors makes receiving an utterance less automatic and requires interpretative activity: politicians modify conventionalized word relations to relieve the monotony of their utterances; they produce also living metaphors negatively estimating described reality - these are conversational implicatures that serve persuasion.